Traffic calming refers to a variety of strategies and measures designed to reduce the negative impacts of motor vehicle use, alter driver behavior, and improve conditions for non-motorized street users such as pedestrians and cyclists. The main goal is to enhance road safety, reduce traffic speeds, and improve the livability of local communities. Effective traffic calming employs a combination of physical design and other visual and physical cues to encourage safer driving speeds and behaviors. Here are some widely used traffic calming measures, including the role of mobile variable message signs (VMS) in these strategies.
1. Speed Bumps and Humps
Speed bumps and humps are among the most common physical interventions used to slow down traffic. Speed bumps are typically abrupt and shorter in length, making them more suitable for parking lots or private roads. Speed humps are gentler and spread across a greater length of road, making them less disruptive for emergency vehicles and buses. Both are effective in reducing vehicle speeds but must be carefully designed to avoid excessive discomfort for drivers and potential damage to vehicles.
2. Chicanes
Chicanes are artificial features on roads that create extra curves, forcing drivers to slow down as they navigate these changes in alignment. They can be permanent, made from concrete or other durable materials, or temporary, using barrels or cones. Chicanes not only reduce speed but also add aesthetic value to the streetscape if designed with landscaping elements.
3. Road Narrowing
Narrowing roads, often at intersections or pedestrian crossings, reduces the roadway width and naturally compels drivers to decrease their speed. Techniques include curb extensions, also known as “bulb-outs,” which extend the sidewalk at corners, reducing the crossing distance for pedestrians and increasing the visibility of pedestrians to drivers.
4. Raised Crosswalks and Intersections
Raised crosswalks and intersections elevate pedestrians, making them more visible to drivers, which encourages lower driving speeds. These features double as speed humps and are particularly effective in areas with high pedestrian traffic, such as school zones and neighborhood streets.
5. Mini-Circles
Mini-circles are small roundabouts installed at residential intersections to reduce vehicle speeds and improve the flow of traffic. These structures require drivers to navigate around them, effectively reducing the speed of the traffic and reducing the likelihood of accidents.
Integration of Mobile Variable Message Signs (VMS)
Mobile Variable Message Signs (VMS) are critical tools in the traffic calming toolkit. These signs can be strategically placed in areas where temporary or adjustable messages are needed to inform drivers of changing road conditions, traffic patterns, or speed limits. For example, during periods of road construction or special events, VMS can alert drivers to reduce speed or be cautious of increased pedestrian activity.
The flexibility of mobile VMS is a significant advantage. They can be relocated as necessary to address specific traffic issues or to respond to changing traffic conditions. Furthermore, VMS can be used to conduct traffic surveys or experiments by displaying different messages and measuring the impact on driver behavior.
Benefits of Traffic Calming
The benefits of traffic calming are extensive. Primarily, these measures improve safety for all road users by reducing the frequency and severity of collisions. They also enhance the quality of life in residential areas by reducing noise and air pollution and by creating a more pleasant and pedestrian-friendly environment. Moreover, traffic calming can increase property values and promote more vibrant local businesses by improving street aesthetics and pedestrian accessibility.
In conclusion, traffic calming measures, including the strategic use of mobile variable message signs, play a vital role in enhancing road safety and community livability. By slowing down traffic, altering driver behavior, and providing dynamic communication tools like VMS, communities can effectively manage the challenges posed by motor vehicle traffic and create safer, more attractive environments for residents and visitors alike.
